Background of the Study
Rural-urban migration is a global phenomenon that has significant social, economic, and environmental implications. In Nigeria, this trend has accelerated in recent years due to factors such as the search for better employment opportunities, improved living conditions, and educational advancement. For many rural areas, such as Kaltungo in Gombe State, this migration leads to a depletion of the rural workforce, which can have adverse effects on local industries, particularly agriculture.
Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood in Kaltungo, with the majority of the population depending on farming for their economic survival. However, rural-urban migration, especially among young adults, has led to a decline in the agricultural workforce, thereby affecting productivity and food security (Ibrahim & Danladi, 2023). This study aims to examine the impact of rural-urban migration on agriculture in Kaltungo, exploring how this migration trend is influencing agricultural productivity, labor availability, and food production in the region.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Rural-urban migration has raised concerns about its negative impact on agricultural productivity in Kaltungo Local Government Area. The migration of young adults, who traditionally form the backbone of agricultural labor, has led to a reduction in the available workforce for farming. This has potentially far-reaching consequences for the region’s food security and agricultural output. Despite the growing concern, limited studies have been conducted on the specific effects of rural-urban migration on agriculture in Kaltungo. This study aims to fill this research gap by investigating the relationship between rural-urban migration and agricultural productivity in the area.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To assess the impact of rural-urban migration on the agricultural workforce in Kaltungo.
To evaluate how the reduction in the agricultural workforce due to migration affects agricultural productivity in Kaltungo.
To examine the effects of rural-urban migration on food security in Kaltungo.
1.4 Research Questions
How has rural-urban migration impacted the agricultural workforce in Kaltungo?
What is the effect of the migration-induced reduction in the agricultural workforce on agricultural productivity in Kaltungo?
How has rural-urban migration affected food security in Kaltungo?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
Rural-urban migration has significantly reduced the agricultural workforce in Kaltungo.
The reduction in the agricultural workforce due to migration has led to decreased agricultural productivity in Kaltungo.
Rural-urban migration has had a negative impact on food security in Kaltungo.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant because it will provide empirical evidence on the impact of rural-urban migration on agriculture, a crucial sector for the economy of Kaltungo. The findings will be important for policymakers seeking to design strategies that mitigate the negative effects of migration on agriculture, ensuring sustainable food production and agricultural growth. The study will also contribute to a deeper understanding of migration dynamics and rural development.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on Kaltungo Local Government Area in Gombe State and will assess the impact of rural-urban migration on agriculture over the past five years. The study is limited by the challenge of accurately quantifying migration patterns and the difficulty of isolating the effects of migration from other factors influencing agricultural productivity.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Rural-Urban Migration: The movement of people from rural areas to urban centers in search of better living conditions, employment opportunities, and education.
Agricultural Workforce: The population engaged in agricultural activities, including crop production, livestock farming, and other related occupations.
Food Security: The availability, accessibility, and affordability of sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet the needs of the population.
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